Ohio’s safety belt law was enacted in March, 1986 and revised in
November, 1992. The law requires front-seat passengers of cars, vans,
pickup and delivery trucks, taxicabs, commercial trucks and tractor-trailers,
and buses with safety belts installed to wear them when these vehicles
are driven on public roadways.
Drivers who violate the law are fined $25, while front-seat passengers are fined $15. Funds generated from the fines are partially directed to Ohio Department of Public Safety (ODPS) programs that increase public awareness to help Ohio reach a 70% safety belt usage rate.
Exempt from compliance are children already covered by the child safety seat law; persons with medically-certified physical impairments; persons operating vehicles to deliver the mail or newspapers for home delivery; and persons in vehicles manufactured prior to 1966.
Currently, law enforcement officials are prohibited from stopping a vehicle solely to enforce Ohio’s safety belt law. Citations can only be issued as a secondary action to another suspected offense. A violation of this law does not result in the assessment of points to an individual’s driving record.
Evidence regarding the proper use of safety belts is admissible against certain parties in a claim for damages for the injury or death of the occupant of the vehicle.
The move for primary enforcement in Ohio
In recent years, legislation has been introduced, but not yet passed, that would make the failure to wear seat belts a primary traffic offense in Ohio, making it legal for law enforcement officers to stop vehicles any time they observed unbuckled drivers or passengers. Studies indicate that a state can expect to see a 15% increase in usage rates with the passage of a primary law.
Ohio safety belt usage rates
- In 1986, the usage rate was 43.5% (the year the law was introduced)
- In 2000, the usage rate was 65.3%, slightly higher than 1999’s rate of 64.8%
- Usage rates for drivers (66%) are higher than those of passengers (62%)
- Female occupants have higher usage rates (72%) than male occupants (55%)
- Usage rates for pickup trucks (49%) are much lower than those of passenger cars, minivans and SUVs (69%)
- Commercial vehicle occupants have significantly lower usage rates (35%) than non-commercial vehicles (66%)
- For drivers, there appears to be a steady increase in usage as age increases
- For passengers, usage is highest for the 5-14 age group. However, the 15-25 age group exhibits the lowest usage rate of all, while having the highest injury rates in traffic crashes.
Note: In 1998, ODPS revised the tracking methodology to include the occupants of pickup trucks in order to comply with National Highway Traffic Safety Administration guidelines.
